Key Facts

Overview

Vesta is a very large asteroid circling the sun between Mars and Jupiter, inside the main asteroid belt. NASA JPL does not treat Vesta as potentially hazardous, because its orbit never carries it near Earth.

One lap around the sun takes Vesta 1,330 days (3.64 years). Over that circuit it swings between 2.15 AU and 2.57 AU from the sun, travelling at an average of 19.32 km/s. At 525.4 kilometers across, Vesta is roughly the size of Great Britain.

Vesta has been watched long enough to time its spin: one full turn on its axis takes 5.34 hours.

Vesta is classed as V on the Tholen scale, V on SMASSII.

No Close Approaches

At their nearest, the orbits of Vesta and Earth stay 1.14 AU apart. That is a comfortable margin, and it holds at every point in the orbit.

Orbital simulations run by NASA JPL's CNEOS turn up no close approaches to Earth.

Images and Observations

The orbit of Vesta is pinned down by sightings going back to Sept. 23, 1950, the most recent officially logged on March 17, 2021. The IAU Minor Planet Center holds 9,451 observations behind that solution.

Accessibility and Exploration

The NHATS study does not rate Vesta as a realistic destination for a crewed mission.

Similar Objects

These objects follow orbits with much the same shape and tilt as Vesta:

References

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Orbital Elements

  • Epoch: 2460200.5 JD
  • Semi-major axis: 2.362 AU
  • Eccentricity: 0.0894
  • Inclination: 7.14°
  • Longitude of Ascending Node: 103.71°
  • Argument of Periapsis: 151.66°
  • Mean Anomaly: 169.35°

Physical Characteristics

  • Diameter: 525.40000 km
  • Magnitude: 3.22
  • Albedo: 0.4228
  • Spectral type (Tholen): V
  • Spectral type (SMASS): V

Derived Characteristics

  • Orbit Period: 1,330 days (3.64 years)
  • Avg. Orbit Speed: 19.32 km/s
  • Aphelion Distance: 2.57 AU
  • Perihelion Distance: 2.15 AU
  • Rotation Period: 5.34 hours

Map Comparison

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Orbit Simulation

Sky Map

A ◯ pink circle marks where Vesta sits. It may fall outside your current field of view — use the controls below to change the position, location and time.